Lesson 5 No wrong number 无错误号码
课文内容：
Mr. James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance inthree minutes. Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. In this way, he has begun his own privatetelephoneservice.
Notes on the text
课文注解
1 from Silbury：介词from作距离讲，常与away连用。如： It is far (away) from here. 离这里非常远。
2 up to now (=up till now), 到目前为止；作时间状语，句子的时态多用目前完成时。
3 a great many, 很多的，其中great表示数目非常大；只能同可数名词的复数连用。
参考译文
詹姆斯斯科特先生在锡尔伯里有一个汽车维修部，目前他刚在平赫斯特买了另一个汽车维修部。平赫斯特离锡尔伯里只有5英里，但詹姆斯斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车维修部搞到一部电话机，所以他买了12只鸽子。昨天，一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫斯特带到锡尔伯里。这只鸟只用了3分钟就飞完了全程。到现在为止，斯科特先生从一个汽车维修部向另一个发送了很多索取备件的信件和其他紧急函件。就如此，他开始了我们的私人电话业务。
新定义英语正版图书购买
自学导读
1．Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons.
平赫斯特离锡尔伯里只有5英里，但詹姆斯斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车维修部搞到一部电话机，所以他买了12只鸽子。
（1）这句话由3个部分组成。but引导的句子与前面的句子为并列关系，so引导的句子表示结果。
（2）from 在这里表示距离上相隔，译为离、从等：
The school is a mile (away) from my house.
学校离我家有一英里。
She has been away from home for 5 days now.
她离家已有5天了。
2．Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. 昨天，一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫斯特带到锡尔伯里。
（1）fromto表示从一个地方到另一个地方。如下文中的from one garage to the other。这个短语中顺序比较要紧，不可以搞错方向：
He flew from Beijing to Moscow.
他从北京坐飞机去莫斯科。
He looked at the girl from head to foot.
他把这女孩从头到脚查看了一下。
The news spread from house to house.
家家户户都得知了这条消息。
（2）message在这里的意思是（口头或书面的）信息、信：
an oral/ written message 口信／便条
Hers is a message for you from your sister.
这是你姐姐／妹妹给你留的便条。
John has gone to his office. Would you like to leave him a message?
约翰去办公室了。你想给他留个口信吗？
与message有关的另一个词是 messenger，意为送信人、信使等。
3．Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other.
到现在为止，斯科特先生从一个汽车维修部向另一个发送了很多索取备件的信件和其他紧急函件。
（1）这句话看着非常长，但却是个简单句。sent有两个宾语，一是requests，二是messages。from one garage to the other是整个句子的状语。
（2）up to now等于until／till now，意思是迄今、到现在为止，一般与目前完成时连用：
Up to now, he has not been very hard|working.
到现在为止，他一直不是非常用功。
Up to now, he has collected a good number of stamps.
到现在为止，他已采集了很多邮票。
（3）request作名词需要、请求讲时，总是需要补充说明其内容，如课文中 requests for spare parts（索取备件的信件）。
She sent a request for help to Gary.
她向加里请求帮助。
He granted my request for more time.
他赞同了我延长期的请求。
（4）a great many在这句话中为形容词短语。many单独用时前面不加a，但加了great/ good等形容词后，前面要加 a
A great many trees were destroyed in the storm.
好多树在这场暴风雨中被毁坏了。
a great many还可以作代词短语用：
He has read a great many of the books in this room.
这房间的书他好多都读过了。
4．In this way, he has begun his own privatetelephone service.
就如此，他开始了我们的私人电话业务。
（1）service作为不可数名词时一般用于表示旅馆、饭店与商店等对旅客、客户等的伺候、接待或服务；它作为可数名词时可以表示为帮助别人所采取的行动或所做的工作：
The service in that hotel is quite good.
那家旅馆的服务很好。
You have done me a great service.
你帮了我非常大的忙。
（2）在课文中，service的意思是业务、公用事业等。这种使用方法一般有： the mail service（邮政业务）； the telephone service（电话业务）；a travel service（旅游社）；a news service（通讯社）等。可以看出，service既能够指公用事业的业务，也可以指办这类业务的机构。因此，课文中的 telephoneservice事实上是个大词，有一种幽默感。
语法 Grammar in use
1．一般过去时与目前完成时
在表示过去某个特定时间发生的事情或动作时，要用一般过去时：
Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury.
昨天，一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫斯特带到锡尔伯里。
在表示刚刚或者已经完成一个动作并且对目前有影响时，则要用目前完成时，时间状语可以是不特指的now, just，或者是for引导的一段时间，或者不加任何时间状语：
He has written a book.
他写了一本书。
now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst.
目前他刚在平赫斯特买下了另一个汽车维修部。（目前拥有）
在一段文章中可以同时出现一般目前时、一般过去时和目前完成时。因此，要依据具体状况灵活运用这类时态，领会它们之间有什么区别：
I have a brother, Tom. He is an engineer. He has been abroad for three years now. Several days ago, I received a letter from him.
我有一个弟弟，名叫汤姆。他是位工程师。他出国已3年了。几天前我收到了一封他的来信。
2．带way的一些短语
名词way的使用方法非常灵活，能组成不一样的搭配：
（1）in the/ one's way, 妨碍（某人）：
You are in my way.
你挡着我了。
Don't stand in the way. I can't see the blackboard.
别挡着我的视线。我看不见黑板了。
（2） in the way, 根据，以方法：
You can make the cake in the way I have told you.
你可以按我对你说的办法做蛋糕。
（3） on the/ one's way, 在途中：
I met Mary on my way to school.
我在去学校的路上遇见了玛丽。
（4） by the way, 顺便提一下（插入语，改变话题时用）：
By the way, have you met Bill before?
顺便问一下，你以前见过比尔吗？
（5） in a way, 在某种程度上，从某种意义来讲：
In a way you are right.
从某种意义上说你是对的。
词语学习 Word study
1．cover
（1）vt. 盖，覆盖：
Snow covered the whole village.
大雪覆盖了整个村庄。
She covered the child with a coat.
她给孩子盖了件外衣。
（2）vt. 行过（一段距离），走过（一般不需要被动语态）：
He covered sixty miles this morning.
他今天上午走了60英里。
You can cover the distance to the museum in ten minutes.
你10分钟就能走到博物馆。
（3）n. 覆盖物，盖子，罩子，套子：
Put a cover on the box!
给这盒子加个罩！
2．spare
（1）vt. 抽出（时间等），让给：
Have you got five minutes to spare?
你能抽出5分钟时间吗？
（2）vt. 饶恕，赦免：
The robbers spared his life.
强盗们没要他的命。
（3）adj.多余的，空闲的，剩下的，备用的：
You can sleep in the spare bedroom.
你可以睡在那间空着的卧室。
I have no spare time now.
我目前没空闲时间。
She has some spare money.
她有一些活钱。
Where can I get spare parts for this machine?
我从哪儿可以找到这台机器的备件？
训练答案 Key to written exercises
1．
重点句型训练答案
A What happened: carried (1.4 ) ; covered (1. 5 )
What has happened: has just bought (1.1) ; has just bought (11.3|4);has sent(1.6);has begun(1.8)
C 1 What did you buy ?
2 he has never lent
3 Have you burnt ?
4 He fought
5 They have already left .
6 When did you lose ?
7 Did you listen ?
8 We have just won
2．难题训练答案
A 1 On the way
2 in the way
3 By the way
4 in this/a way
5 in the way
B 1 There is a spare wheel in the back of the car.
2 I always go on excursions in my spare time.
3 Have you any old clothes to spare? he asked.
4 The guest slept in our spare room.
5 Spare me!begged the prisoner.
3．多项选择题答案
1c 2a 3d 4b 5c 6d
7a 8b 9c 10b 11a 12d
课堂笔记
NEW WORDS AND expressionS】生词和短语
★pigeonn. 鸽子
It's not my pigeon. 这不是我的过错＝None of my busness.
★messagen. 信息
information...不可数
leave sb. a message:给...留便条
I'll leave you a message.
take a message for sb:替...捎口信
Can I take a message for you?
Can you take a message for me?
★coverv. 越过
cover:覆盖
cover+距离：越过cover the distance
★distancen. 距离
distant:(a)远距离的
importance:(n.)要紧important:(a.)关键的
different:(a.) 不一样的difference：（n.)不同
keep distance:维持距离
★requestn. 需要，请求
request for: 对...有请求，有需要
I have a request for the cake.
request sb.to do sth...需要某人做．．＝ask sb.to do sth.
require sb.to do sth.
you are required/asked to do...
★spare part备件
★servicen. 业务，服务
serve:(v.) 服务，接待
service:(n.)服务，业务
I am glad to be at your service. 我非常乐意为你效劳．
Thank you.
You are welcome./Not at all./That's (all)right./(It's) My pleasure.
/That's ok.
Thank you for your listening.
No thanks.
【课文解说】
garage:车库，车行
another:其它的不少个中的一个
other: 其它的
the other:
Pinhurst is five miles (away) from Silbury.
Bus sTOP is only one mile from school/here.
Bus sTOP is only one mile (away).
||How for...? 多远
How far(away) is the bus sTOP?
How far is your Home(from here)?
My Home is ten miles away from here.
get a telephone:得到电话，安装电话
for:为了
just...完成时态
from...to...:从一个地址的另外一个地址
carry:携带，携带
I take my sister to the cinema.
I carried my son.
I carry the bag.
cover the distance:飞过那段距离
up to now:到目前为止(目前完成时)
request for:对...的需要
a great many:很多（＋可数名词复数）
a great number of：很多（＋可数名词复数）
...request and ...message(并列)
other:其它的
urgent:紧急的sth.urgent:紧急的事情
another:其它中的一个（＋单数名词）
the other:两个之中的另外一个one...the other
other:(a.)+n. 其它的
Some boys are playing football.and others are rowing/going boat.
One is watering the flowers,and the other is reading.
Can you show me another?
Special Difficulties】
in this way:如此,以这种方法
in a friendly way
in a way : 从某种意义上来讲
in the way:挡路
out of the way:让路
by the way:随意说一声，随意问一下（开头转移话题，随便）
on the way（to):在去...的途中（陈述句）
in the family way:怀孕了，快有孩子了
on the way to school/the office,on the way Home.
In a way,you are kind.
Sorry,you are in the way.
Get out of the way.
The woman is in the family way.
(1) ...On the way...
Athens:雅典London:伦敦
(2)...in the way
这种方法
I do...in the way you showed me.
I fly the kite in the way you showed me.
(3)...By the way...
(4)...in a way...
从某种意义上来讲
(5).....
get one's own way:随性
soon:不久将来，强调的是时间上的快
He will soon visit Darwin.He will visit Darwin＿＿，
(a)quickly (b)for a short time(c) shortly (d)in a hurry
He went quickly .quickly指的是动作上的快
for a short time:不久，表示动作延续一段时间
soon:不久将来，表示在这期间之后
shortly=soon.不久将来
in a hurry:匆忙的指的是动作
Multiple choice questions】
(4)...b...
so表示前面是缘由，后面是结果
That's why :那就是为何，前者是缘由
That's why+从句：那就是......缘由，前者是缘由，后者why后面是结果
I was caught in the traffic jam.That's why I was late.
be动词后面是表语，后面的从句是表语从句
That's后面的表语从句常常用特殊疑问词引导，再加一个句子
That's when we can start class.
That's where we will have a meeting.
That's how I get to school.
(8)......one...the other...
another:另外一个
another=an+other
an/a是冠词
his/my/your是形容词性物主代词
my mother's是名词所有格
在语法上，以上三个词是不可以同时并存的，一般要用只可以用其中一个
a bag/my bag
his,形容词物主代词，another=an+other
another强调的是剩下的还有好几个当中的一个，强调的是有三个以上
other:其它的，加单数就表示一个，his取代the的地方
语法的范围正在放宽松
else:其他的
疑问代词，who else,what else can I do for you?
anyone else,anything else?不定代词
else会放在被修饰词的后面，会修饰两种词，疑问词和不定代词
different:不一样的
时态填空】
1...did...
yesterday,一般过去时
2....has never lent..
up till now/up to now,目前完成时
never是频率副词，频率副词必然会放在实义动词之前，非实义动词之后
3.....have you burned...
burn:燃烧，yet,目前完成时的标志
4......fought...
in the first World War,in+具体的过去年代是具体的过去时间，一般过去时
5....have already left...
already:已经
6...did you lose...
When,对时间点提问
要不然和以后时连用，When will you do sth?
假如确定不和以后时连用，通常情况When的出现意味着一般过去时
目前完成时会用How long定位
7...Did you listen...
last night,一般过去时
8...have just won...
just
动词的时态的第一种定义：依据这句话本身找关键字
完形填空一句话的出的结论可能不是正确的，总是要依据上下文的时间得出时态
